English Pdf [2021] | Maqalat Al-islamiyyin

If you need the content for research, The Theology of al-Ashʿarī: The Arabic Maqālāt – a 2005 French translation with English introduction (Presses de l’Ifpo). If you need only a free PDF, download the Arabic original and use AI-assisted translation tools for key passages. Avoid “complete English PDF” scams.

: Sections of the work are often translated and discussed in academic texts. For example, A History of Muslim Philosophy (Vol. 1) provides detailed summaries of its contents and arguments. A version can be found on Traditional Hikma . maqalat al-islamiyyin english pdf

: It provides one of the most detailed lists of early sub-groups and their specific points of disagreement ( Ikhtilaf ) [7]. If you need the content for research, The

Explores the tension between free will (supported by the Mu‘tazila) and predestination. : Sections of the work are often translated

If you're specifically looking for an English translation:

: A historical survey of various Islamic sects (Shi'ites, Kharijites, Mu'tazilites, etc.) and their specific ideologies.