| Software | Portable? | Cost | Adobe PSD Support | Learning Curve | |----------|-----------|------|------------------|----------------| | (Online) | Yes (web-based) | Free (ads) / $5/mo | Excellent (90% of PS features) | Low | | GIMP + PortableApps.com | Yes (official) | Free (open source) | Good (no smart objects) | Moderate | | Affinity Photo | No (but lightweight install) | $69.99 one-time | Very good | Low-Medium | | Paint.NET with PSD plugin | Yes (portable version exists) | Free/donation | Basic (flattened layers) | Very low |
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