The Sampit War had a profound impact on the communities involved, with estimates suggesting that over 1,000 people were killed and thousands more displaced. The conflict also had significant economic and social consequences, with many businesses and homes destroyed and infrastructure severely damaged.
In the 1990s, the Indonesian government began to implement a policy of transmigration, which encouraged people from densely populated islands such as Java and Madura to move to less populated areas such as East Kalimantan. The policy was intended to alleviate poverty and promote economic development, but it ultimately led to increased competition for resources and jobs between the indigenous Dayak population and the migrant Madurese.